JUSTIFICATION OF RISKS IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AND MEANS OF THEIR LEVELING

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to justify risks in the economic security system of enterprises in the context of integration processes. Research materials and methods. The consequences of risks are the emergence or strengthening of negative trends in the clustering of enterprises both at the level of regions and at the level of individual clusters. Justification of risks and understanding the consequences of their impact will allow us to propose a mechanism for their neutralization and prevention. Risk is defined as a combination of the probability and possible amount of damage, or loss of resources, caused by a hazard. Taking into account possible negative phenomena and processes creates the basis for the effective functioning of clusters. The task of substantiating the risks of enterprise clustering is to establish the force of their action and the direction of influence, as well as to identify existing and possible factors of danger, and to determine methods of their neutralization. Results. The consequences of risks are the emergence or strengthening of negative trends in the processes of creation and functioning of clusters. The mathematical toolkit of probability theory is used for risk assessment, namely standard deviation, variance, mathematical expectation, and coefficient of variation. The direction and strength of internal risks are closely related to the conditions of the interaction of enterprises in the process of financial and economic activity. Understanding the essence of the risk of enterprise clustering in the context of integration processes is facilitated by a detailed study of its life cycle, which allows for determining the stages of its formation, and the vector of development, assessing the degree of change and possible consequences of the impact. Correspondence of the stages of risk development to the consequences of its influence on the clustering of enterprises in the conditions of integration processes forms the risk life cycle. In the life cycle, it is advisable to distinguish the following interrelated stages: emergence, activation, concentration, extinction, and neutralization. The risk, during the passage of certain stages, changes its strength, which is expressed in the change of pressure on the object of influence, with the help of which it is possible to judge the possible consequences on the formation and functioning of the cluster. Conclusions. The article substantiates that risk situations have a life cycle, depending on the stages of which corresponding types of consequences arise (insignificant, acceptable, significant, extreme). Correspondence of the stages of risk development to the consequences of its impact from the life cycle of the risk. The proposed life cycle of the risk situation made it possible to build matrices of correspondence of the degree of risk exposure to the significance of the consequences and impact of risks, as well as to develop a methodology for calculating the synergy effect from the interaction of existing risks.