Nature-based solutions as a tool for solving environmental and economic problems

Abstract

Purpose. The article aims to reveal the conceptual foundations of nature-based solutions and their connection with ecology, as well as to identify foreign experiences of their implementation, which may help solve ecological and economic problems in the context of the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. Methods. The methodologicalbasis of this study is a content analysis of scientific publications, reports of international organizations, and other open sources of information on ecological and economic problems and ways to solve them. To process the collected material, the researcher used the methods of abstraction, systematization, generalization, deduction, and induction.The method of figures and tables helped present the study results more clearly. Results. The article identifies the stages of formation of the concept of nature-based solutions and reveals the main ideas that became the impetus for its development. The study results show that naturebased solutions are based on an integrated approach to studying and solving environmental problems. It therefore has a close connection with many sciences, particularly ecology. After all, ecology and nature-based solutions, as a form of practical application of environmental knowledge, seek to balance the relationship between man and nature: to preserve the natural environment and provide resources and stability for future generations. Since not every “nature-inspired” solution can be recognized as a nature-based solution, the article describes the criteria for their recognition contained in the Global Standard developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Examples of effective nature-based solutions are given that can be adapted and implemented in the context of the post-war restoration of Ukraine’s natural environment and economy. Conclusions. Thus, naturebased solutions emerged as a synthesis of ecological ideas and sustainable development needs. Today, faced with the large-scale destruction of its ecosystems, more than anyone else, Ukraine needs a change in the management paradigm and a transition to innovative technologies of socio-economic development, where environmental priorities will be dominant. The practical manifestation of such a transformation should be nature-based solutions, the successful implementation of which many countries already have.