Scientific justification of biologization elements in potato cultivation technology
Abstract
Modern agricultural production is increasingly focused on environmental safety and the rational use of natural resources. In this context, the biologization of crop cultiva- tion technologies, particularly for potatoes, is gaining impor- tance as a pathway toward sustainable development.Purpose. The aim of the article is to provide a compar- ative analysis of scientific data regarding the effectiveness of biologization elements in potato cultivation technologies.Special attention is given to the impact of green manures, organic residues, and biological preparations on yield, plant resistance, and ecological viability.Methods. A descriptive method was applied by analyz- ing and comparing findings from various scientific sources.The review focused on studies that examined the influence of green manures (siderates), straw combined with nitrogen fertilizers, deep tillage, and biostimulants on potato produc- tivity under different soil and climatic conditions.Results. The analyzed sources indicate that the appli- cation of biologization elements – such as white mustard, oil radish, straw with nitrogen supplements, and microbio- logical preparations – contributes to increased potato yield, improved plant resistance to abiotic stress, and reduced weed infestation. For instance, the use of siderates increased yield by up to 11.4%, and straw with nitrogen improved tuber mass by 2.9–8.1%. Pre-sowing treatment with biostimulants enhanced heat resistance by up to 50% and yield up to 54.8 t/ha. Biologized systems also showed higher economic per- formance, with profitability reaching up to 77.6%.Conclusions. The analysis confirms the significant role of biologization elements in improving potato cultiva- tion technologies. Their integration into farming practices promotes sustainable production and better economic out- comes. However, effectiveness depends greatly on regional conditions, soil types, and implementation approaches.
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