Formation of soybean leaf area depending on seed pre-treatment with metabolically active substances

Abstract

Purpose. Determination of the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with combinations of metabolically active substances on the formation of leaf area in soybean at dif- ferent stages of growth and development. Methods. The theoretical framework of this study is based on a systematic analysis of specialized scientific literature and the synthe- sis of results from both fundamental and applied research.The experimental part was carried out in accordance with approved methodological guidelines for conducting field trials. Results. It was established that pre-sowing treat- ment of soybean seeds with a combination of vitamin E + ubiquinone-10 contributed to an increase in trifoliate leaf area at the 1–3 trifoliate leaf stage by an average of 26.0 cm², which is 77.0% more than in the control. At the flow- ering stage, soybean plants exhibited the maximum leaf area. The highest trifoliate leaf area during flowering was observed following seed treatment with the combinationof vitamin E + ubiquinone-10. The combination of vitamin E + methionine + para-hydroxybenzoic acid+ MgSO₄ also showed a considerable positive effect on increasing leaf area during the flowering phase. The increase in the area of trifoliate leaves contributed to an improvement in soy- bean yield. The highest yield (3.2 t/ha) was obtained after seed treatment with the combination of vitamin E + ubiqui- none-10, exceeding the control by 36.8%. The combina- tion of vitamin E + para-hydroxybenzoic acid + methionine + MgSO₄ increased soybean yield by 14.1% compared to the control. Conclusions. The use of vitamin E + ubiqui- none-10 and vitamin E + methionine + para-hydroxyben- zoic acid + MgSO₄ combinations for pre-sowing seed treat- ment has a positive effect on increasing soybean trifoliate leaf area and yield. Pre-sowing seed treatment with these compounds is an effective technological component in the cultivation of leguminous crops.