Realization of genetically determined strawberry productivity under conditions of closed soilless system

Abstract

Increasing the production of fruit and berry products is an important task for intensifying the development of agriculture. Garden strawberries play a key role in this process due to their nutritional value and high yield. Purpose. Establishing the traits of yield formation of new varieties of garden strawberry and the elements of its components, studying the characteristics of the course of ontogenesis depending on the varietal component in closed soil conditions. Methods. The following varieties of strawberries Jolie, Linosa, Allegro, Hercules were used for planting. Research was conducted on the basis of LLC "Agromag" of the Novomoskovsk district of the Dnipropetrovsk region. Planting scheme 0.25 × 0.7 × 0.5 m. Planting was carried out in closed soil, with drip irrigation (irrigation rate – 50-80 m3/ha). Morphometric parameters were determined according to generally accepted methods. The experiment was repeated three times. Plots are placed consecutively, forty accounting bushes in each. Results. Under the conditions of closed soil, the difference between the varieties decreased significantly, the only significant point was the superiority of the variety Hercules over the variety Linosa. In a pairwise comparison, already in the first year, according to the indicators of the number of horns and peduncles, the variety Linosa stood out negatively, the other varieties prevailed, but without any difference between them. The variety Hercules was statistically significantly better in terms of the number of flowers on the peduncle, followed by the Jolie variety, both of them were better in terms of the number of ovaries per bush. The factor analysis of these traits showed statistically significant variability by variety in terms of yield component indicators, varieties Jolie and Hercules had higher indicators. Among others, varieties Joli and Hercules dominated in terms of yield. According to the output of commercial products of all varieties of strawberries, in general, they met the standards. The number of berries from a bush and the average weight of a berry were important for increasing the yield. Findings. The superiority in yield was shown by varieties Joli and Hercules, between which there was no significant difference. The parameters of integrative morphogenesis, the number of berries from a bush, and the average weight of a berry were practically valuable features that significantly influenced the formation of higher productivity. A high genetically determined variability is confirmed, first of all, by these traits.