PRODUCTIVITY OF SOYBEAN UNDER DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF BASIC TILLAGE, DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND SIDERATION ON IRRIGATION OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Purpose. To study the effect of different primary tillage systems and fertilizer systems on the productivity and economic efficiency of soybean cultivation in a short-rotation crop rotation on irrigated lands. Methods. Field, laboratory, computational and comparative and statistical. Results. Information was obtained on the effect of differentprimary tillage systems, which differ in the methods and depth of cultivation, fertilizer systems using stubble green manure and all the precursor by-products on the productivity and economic efficiency of soybean cultivation in short-rotation crop rotation on irrigated lands. Conclusions. As a result of the studies, it was found that the use of crop lateral crop and by-products of a predecessor for fertilizer in crop rotation on irrigation increases soybean productivity with different-depth differentiated tillage by 7.2 %, shallow, deep-water system by 11.1 %, and multi-depth non-dump cultivation by 8.1 %, when sowing the culture in untreated soil – by 7.8 % compared with the control. In the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, the highest soybean productivity on irrigated lands – 7.88 t/ha of grain units is ensured by the system of non-depth subsurface tillage with chisel loosening to a depth of 28–30 cm against the background of applying mineral fertilizers with a dose of N90Р40, using green manure crop for fertilizing (spring mustard) and all the by-products of the predecessor. Under these conditions, the highest profit was obtained – 22 036 UAH/ha with a profitability level of 84.3 %.