HISTORY OF THE RESEARCHES OF THE SOILS DEGRADATION IN IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGION

Abstract

Purpose. Analysis of the study of soil degradation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. Task: to analyze the degree of soil degradation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. Object of research: soil degradation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The subject of research: the history of the study of soil degradation in the Ivano-Frankivsk region. Methods. The methodological basis of research is the following methods: historical, chronological, cartographic, comparative-geographical. Results. The study of degradation processes on the territory of Ivano-Frankivsk region during the last three hundred years has repeatedly become the object of scientific and applied research. The first scientific information about soil degradation dates back to the Polish-Austrian period – the beginning of the 18th century. At that time, organizations were created to drain overmoistened swampy soils, liming acidic soils. After conducting large-scale soil surveys in the 50s and 60s of the last century, interest in the study of soils and their degradation grew. During this period, the types of degraded soils (eroded, waterlogged, destroyed by mining, etc.), their distribution and area were determined. Studies of waterlogged soils and their degradation under the influence of reclamation works were conducted. At the current stage, special attention of scientists is devoted to the problem of water erosion and prevention of its negative consequences. Conclusions. Despite the significant contribution of scientists to the study of the soils of the region, the study of degradation processes is insufficient and remains relevant. The accumulated knowledge is the basis for the further determination of the causes of degradation processes, the degree of their manifestation, the development of effective reclamation and soil protection measures.