Formation of frost resistance of barley plants with different types of rosettes during hardening on different photoperiods

Abstract

Purpose is to to develop a laboratory method for dividing winter barley genotypes into typically winter and two-handed ones. The method was based on a scientific hypothesis based on different biological needs in the hardening of plants of typically winter varieties and twohanded winter barley. Methods results. In order to test the hypothesis in the model experiment studied the dynamics of the formation of frost resistance by plants of barley varieties: typically winter and two-handed. In the experiment studied varieties: Blizzard, Winter, Worker (winter); Rosava, Osnova, Taman (two-handed). Research results. Hardening of winter barley plants was carried out on a shortened photoperiod, while completely eliminating the vernalization effect. Programming the temperature of the first phase of hardening above biological zero, as the results show, allows plants of all species to accumulate a significant amount of sugars. The developed temperature and light conditions are the most promising in the selection of winter barley. Findings. Modes for determining the static frost resistance of winter barley plants have been developed; the modes of division of winter barley into typically winter and two-handed ones are determined; developed a laboratory method for determining the rate of hardening of winter barley varieties in the cultivation of winter barley plants in the shortened photoperiod and programming temperature +2.5°C during the first phase of hardening for 30 days allows plants of both biotypes to form static resistance to frost; the value of the formed frost resistance of winter barley plants depended on the duration of the second phase of hardening; winter-hardy varieties, both typically winter and two-handed, were characterized by rapid hardening in the second phase of hardening; there is a close relationship between overwintering samples in the field with the results of laboratory testing; the use of the developed method allows to determine both the static frost resistance of the variety and the speed of its hardening.