Influence of microfertilizers and bacterial preparations on the productivity of winter barley in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose. The article is devoted to the results ofscientific research that was conducted during 2019–2021,which aimed to determine the influence of inoculation ofseed material with microfertilizers (Oracle seeds, Reakom,Rostock, Quantum grain), plant growth stimulant (Nano-Mineralis), bacterial drug (Biocomplex BTU-R), chemicalpesticide (Vitavax 200FF) and their mixtures for biometricindicators (plant height, coleoptile length, leaf assimilationsurface area), photosynthetic activity, net photosynthesisproductivity, productivity and yield of winter barley graingrown in southern Steppe of Ukraine. The goal wasachieved by establishing a one-factor field experimentusing 0,5 to 3,0 liters of formulations, depending on theirclass and a working fluid of 10 liters for inoculation of oneton of seed culture.Methods: general scientific (dialectical – observation ofthe dynamics of culturegrowth and development; method ofhypotheses – experimental scheme; method of analysis –study of research object; method of synthesis – formationof conclusions, recommendations for production; methodof abstraction – theoretical generalization of research;calculation method – establishing economic and energyefficiency measures) and special (field method – study ofthe relationship of the object with biotic and abiotic factorsin specific conditions of the research area; laboratorymethods: morphophysiological – biometric parameters ofplants; chemical – chemical composition of grain and soil;physical – physical indicators of soil and seeds, statisticalmethods: comparative-calculation – economic efficiency ofcultivation technologies For generalization and processingof experimental data used statistical, calculation andcomparative-computational methods: variance, correlationand regression analysis.Research results. In our research, the maximumindicators of plant height, leaf area of crops and theirphotosynthetic productivity were formed in research areaswhere mixtures of preparative forms of microfertilizers andbacterial with chemical pesticides were used, namely:Reakom + Vitavax 200FF (3,0+2,5 l/ton) + Water (4,5 l/ton)and Biocomplex BTU-R + Vitavax 200FF (3,0+2,5 l/ton) +Water (4,5 l/ton). The highest productivity of culture andeconomic efficiency was achieved by using a mixture ofbacterial preparation Biocomplex BTU-R with chemicalpesticide Vitavax 200FF – seed treatment with thismixture was the most economically feasible, as net profitwas 1997 UAH/ha and 6091 UAH/ton, and the level ofprofitability was 67%. This option provided lower laborcosts and money for the production of one ton of winterbarley grain.Conclusions. According to the results of research, itis recommended for the production to conductpre-sowingtreatment with the preparative mixture Biocomplex BTU-R+ Vitavax 200FF (3,0+2,5 l/ton) of winter barley of theDeviatyivalvarietyon chernozems of the southern steppes ofUkraine in order to increase germination, winter hardiness,grain yield. Seed treatment should be carried out directlybefore sowing at the rate of 10 liters of working solution per1 ton of seeds.