Seed productivity of alfalfa in the first year of life depending on the use of herbicides
Keywords:
pre-emergence herbicides, postemergence herbicides, seeds, alfalfa, weeds, irrigation, natural moisture
Abstract
Purpose. Investigate the effect of pre-emergence,post-emergence herbicides and their combination onthe degree of contamination of alfalfa seed crops in the first year and seed yield. Tasks and research methods. Theresearch was conducted during 2018-2020 in the researchfield of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS.Factor A ‒ humidification conditions (without irrigationand irrigation); factor B ‒ the use of pre-emergenceherbicide (Control (without herbicide), the active substance(a.s.) S-metolachlor 960 g/l, a.s. Pendimethalin 330 g/l, a.s.Dimethenamid-P 720 g/l); factor C ‒ application of postemergenceherbicide (Control (without herbicide), Control(manual weeding), a.s. Imazamox 40 g/l, a.s. Bentazone480 g/l, a.s. Bentazone 480 g/l + Imazamox 22.4 g/l, a.s.Imazapir 15 g/l + Imazamox 33 g/l). Research results.The application of pre-emergence herbicides reducedthe weediness of alfalfa crops compared to the control. Themost effective was the pre-emergence herbicide with a.s.Dimethenamid-P 720 g/l. But the use of pre-emergenceherbicides did not contribute to the further completepurity of alfalfa crops, so it was necessary to apply postemergenceherbicides. The most effective was the herbicidewith active ingredients Imazapir 15 g/l + Imazamox 33 g/l.But the highest yield of alfalfa seeds, under both conditionsof moisture, was obtained in the variant when using preemergenceherbicide with a.s. Dimethenamid-P 720 g/l,the rate of 1.2 l/ha and post-emergence a.s. Imazamox 40 g/l,the rate of 1.2l/ ha. When irrigated, the seed productivityin this variant was 195.06 kg/ha, in conditions of naturalmoisture, the seed yield was 107.58 kg/ha. Conclusions.The use of pre-emergence herbicides reduced weedinfestation in the early stages of plant development. But inthe future, post-emergence herbicides had to be used tokeep alfalfa crops free of weeds. The highest yield of alfalfaseeds, under both conditions of moisture, was obtained inthe variant when applying pre-emergence herbicide witha.s. Dimethenamid-P 720 g/l, the rate of 1.2 l/ha and postemergencea.s. Imazamox 40 g/l, the rate of 1.2 l/ha.
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21. Idziak R. and Zenon W. Efficacy of Reduced Rates of Soil-Applied Dimethenamid-P and Pendimethalin Mixture Followed by Postemergence Herbicides in Maize. Agriculture. 2020. Vol. 10, Issue 163. P. 2–11. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture10050163
22. Jabran K., Cheema Z.A., Farooq M. and Hussain M. Lower doses of pendimethalin mixed with allelopathic crop water extracts for weed management in canola (Brassica napus). Int. J. Agric. Biol. 2010. Vol. 12. P. 335–340. ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–959608–144/AWB/2010/12–3–335–340 http://www.fspublishers.org
23. Jugulam M., Shyam C. Non-target-site resistance to herbicides: Recent developments. Plants. 2019. Vol. 8. P. 417. DOI: 10.3390/plants8100417
24. Kanatas P. et al. Yield, quality and weed control in soybean crop as affected by several cultural and weed management practices. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2020. Vol. 48, Issue 1. P. 329–341. DOI: 10.15835/nbha48111823
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26. Lebaron H.M. et al. Metolachlor. In: Kearney P.C., Kaufman D.D. (Ed.). Herbicides: chemistry, degradation, and mode of action. Vol. 3. NewYork: Dekker, 1988. P. 335–373. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620291018
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28. Liakat Ali, Hyun Jo, Jong Tae Song & Jeong-Dong Lee. The Prospect of Bentazone-Tolerant Soybean for Conventional Cultivation. Agronomy. 2020. Vol. 10. P. 1650. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10111650
29. Lichtenthaler H.K., Meier D., Retzlaff G. & Hamm R. Distribution and effects of bentazon in crop plants and weeds. Z. Naturforsch. Sect. C J. Biosci. 1982. Vol. 37. P. 889–897. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-1982-1008
30. Marinov-Serafimov P. et al. Influence of some herbicides on forage quality of alfalfa. Rastenievadni nauki (Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science). 2016. Vol. 53, Issue 5–6. P. 67–75. http://cropscience-bg.org/page/en/details.php?article_id=311
31. Matzenbacher F.O., Vidal R.A., Merotto A. & Trezzi M.M. Environmental and physiological factors that affect the efficacy of herbicides that inhibit the enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase: A literature review. Planta Daninha. 2014. Vol. 32. P. 457–463. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582014000200024.
32. Meiss H. et al. Perennial lucerne affects weed community trajectories in grain crop rotations. Weed Research. 2010. Vol. 50, Issue 4. P. 331–340. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2010.00784.x
33. Merga B., Alemu N. Integrated weed management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Cogent Food Agric. 2019. 5:1620152. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2019.162 0152
34. Messiha N.K., El-Dabaa M.A.T., El-Masry R.R., & Ahmed S.A.A. The allelopathic influence of Sinapis alba seed powder (white mustard) on the growth and yield of Vicia faba (faba bean) infected with Orobanche crenata (broomrape). Middle East J Appl Sci. 2018. Vol. 8, Issue 2. P. 418–425. ISSN 2077-4613
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Published
2022-05-03
Section
BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION
