ACCUMULATION OF PB AND CD IN BROILER TISSUES DEPENDING ON REARING CONDITIONS IN HOUSEHOLD BACKYARD FARMS
Abstract
The purpose of the article was to study the intensity of Pb and Cd accumulation in different tissues of broilers depending on rearing conditions in household backyard farms. Methods. The study was conducted on broiler chickens reared under household conditions in two variants: in cage batteries and under free-range conditions on outdoor runs. Birds of both groups were kept in an adapted помещение, and the groups were formed according to the principle of analogs, taking into account age, breed, sex, and live body weight. The broiler diet consisted of a mixture of ground feed grain including wheat, maize, oats, barley, sunflower meal, and a mineral supplement. The contents of Pb and Cd in feed mixture components and in poultry tissues were determined by the atomic absorption method after slaughter on day 60. In addition, the hazard quotient was calculated as the ratio of the actual concentration of the element to its maximum permissible level. Results. It was established that the contents of Pb and Cd in the feed mixture components did not exceed the maximum permissible levels, and the highest values of both metals were found in sunflower meal. In the tissues of broilers from the experimental group kept under free-range conditions, the contents of Pb and Cd were higher compared with the control group. The highest concentrations of both metals were detected in bone tissue, whereas the lowest were found mainly in adipose tissue. In birds of the experimental group, exceedances of the maximum permissible level were found for Pb in muscle and bone tissues, and for Cd in muscle and bone tissues. In the control group, an exceedance was detected only for Cd in bone tissue. Conclusions. Rearing broilers under free-range conditions with access to soil increases the intake of Pb and Cd into the birds’ bodies and promotes their greater accumulation in tissues. Bone tissue was the most informative for assessing long-term intake of heavy metals. The obtained results indicate the need to control the quality of feed raw materials, the soil of outdoor runs, and the rearing conditions of poultry in household backyard farms.
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