PECULIARITIES OF PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC CROP PRODUCTS
Abstract
Purpose. To generalise the peculiarities of organic crop production in Ukraine with a focus on modern agro-technological solutions, including crop rotation, pre-sowing seed treatment with biological preparations and biologised mineral nutrition, and to systematise statistical data on the dynamics of certified areas and the number of operators of the organic market in 2019–2024.
Methods. Analytical and synthetic, comparative, statistical and system-structural methods were applied to process Ukrainian and European sources, normative legal acts and experimental data published in professional Ukrainian scientific journals during 2023–2026. Yield indicators of crops of organic crop production under different schemes of biopreparation application were generalised.
Results. It was established that the area of agricultural lands under organic production in 2024 decreased to 349.3 thousand hectares compared to 471.2 thousand hectares in 2023, while the number of organic market operators reduced to 436. The regional structure of production is shifting from the south to the central and western regions. Pre-sowing seed treatment with biological preparations combined with foliar feeding provides a yield increase for buckwheat of up to 21.7 %, for millet up to 17.9 %, and for soybeans forms a significant increase in photosynthetic potential and prolongs the growing season. Crop rotation with a mandatory share of legumes and green manure crops is a basic condition for stable productivity of organic agrocenoses.
Conclusions. Further development of organic crop production in Ukraine requires harmonisation of national legislation with Regulation (EU) 2018/848, state support during the conversion stage, expansion of the domestic base of biological preparations and systematic introduction of educational programs for producers. A promising direction is the development of regionally adapted crop rotations and technological schemes for niche crops with increased resistance to biotic and abiotic factors.
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