ANALYSIS OF VARIETAL RESOURCES OF BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM MOENCH.)
Abstract
Objective. Analysis of economic suitability indicators and manifestation of morphological features of buckwheat varieties. Methods. The object of research was 21 varieties of buckwheat of different ecological and geographical origin: Antaria, Volodar, Volya, Deya, Eskalar, Krupynka, Medova, Olga, Petropavlivska, Podilska, Pokrovska, Ruta, Selyanochka, SYN-3/02, Slobozhanka, Sofia, Sumchanka, Ukrainka, Khrystyna, Yuvileina 100, Yaroslavna. The following economic suitability indicators were studied: yield, weight of 1000 grains, plant height, duration of the growing season, protein content, filminess. The manifestation of morphological features was studied: plants (growth type, total number of inflorescences, ripening time), stems (anthocyanin color, length, number of nodes), flowers (size, color of petals), seeds (length, shape, skin color). Statistical processing of economic suitability indicators of buckwheat was determined by the method of variational analysis. Results. The economic suitability indicators of buckwheat varieties were: yield – 1.79-2.77 t ha-1, weight of 1000 grains – 27.4-31.9 g, plant height – 87.5-115.5 cm, duration of the growing season – 70-101 days, protein content – 14.8-17.3 %, filminess – 18.5-23.9 %. The following degrees of detection dominated in terms of the manifestation of morphological features of buckwheat varieties: plants with an indeterminate growth type, a large number of inflorescences and an average ripening time; long stem with moderate anthocyanin color and a large number of nodes; large flower size with white petals; medium-length or long seeds, rhombic in shape, with a moderate brown skin color. Conclusions. The economic suitability indicators of the studied varieties of buckwheat were characterized by weak variation of traits, only the yield indicator had a variation of medium strength.
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