Features of tomato yield formation using different methods of growing seedlings in a film greenhouse

Abstract

A study was conducted on the influence of differentmethods of growing tomato seedlings in a film greenhouseon the morphometric indicators of plants, yield andfruit quality. During 2024–2025, a single-factor experiment was established in two variants: without transshipment andwith transshipment of seedlings at the Educational andScientific Institute of Agrotechnology and EnvironmentalManagement of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.The early hybrid F1 1015 of the Hy-Line company (USA)was used, which is characterized by high adaptability tothe conditions of the southern regions and resistance todiseases. During the cultivation process, temperaturecontrol, moisture supply, lighting and fertilizing with fertilizersand growth stimulants were used, which providedoptimal conditions for the formation of the root systemand above-ground mass. Analysis of morphometric indicatorsshowed that seedlings without transshipment hada greater plant height, number of leaves and an optimalratio of root/above-ground part, which contributes to balancedgrowth. In contrast, the variant with transshipmentformed a thicker stem, a larger leaf surface area, a longerroot and a higher dry weight of the above-ground part,as well as SPAD indicators and a strength index, whichindicate greater plant resistance. A two-year yield analysisshowed that transshipment provides higher productivity(average 92,37 t/ha), while without transshipment, fruitswith a higher dry matter content (5,38 %) are formed,which increases their taste and technological properties.The results of the study indicate that the choice of themethod of growing seedlings should be made dependingon the production goals: maximizing yield or improving thequality characteristics of the fruits. The data obtained canbe used to optimize tomato seedling production technologiesin film greenhouses, increasing the efficiency andcompetitiveness of products, as well as to adapt newhybrids to regional conditions.