EFFECTIVENESS OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FUNGICIDES IN CONTROLLING MYCOSES OF THE LEAF APPARATUS OF SUGAR BEET
Abstract
Purpose of the article. Study of the effect of fungicides and biofungicides on pathogens of leaf apparatus and determination of their effectiveness in different agroecological zones. Materials and methods. Laboratory, measurement, calculation-comparative, analysis, statistical. Results. The effect of the fungicides Sfera Max, Propuls and the biofungicide Sklobicide on the germination of spores of the fungi Cercospora beticola and Alternaria sp was established. Different sensitivity to fungicides was noted in the fungi causing the disease. The chemical fungicide Propuls delayed the germination of spores the most – 25–36% of germinated conidia. In the variant where the fungicide Sfera Max was used, the indicator was 42–45%. When using the biofungicide Sklobicid, the number of germinated conidia of Cercospora was 45% lower, Alternaria by 24% compared to the control. The effectiveness of the use of fungicides against the complex of diseases of the leaf apparatus of sugar beets in the zone of unstable moisture ranged from 36.1% to 68%. The effectiveness of the fungicide Propuls against Cercospora was 60.3%, Alternaria 59.7%, and Powdery mildew 68.3%. In conditions of insufficient moisture, the effectiveness of the drug Propuls against Cercospora was 53.7%. The drug was also effective against Powdery mildew 63.9% and Alternaria 66.0%. Conclusions. In the protection of sugar beets against spotting, the use of chemical fungicides Propuls and Sfera Max is promising, which helps reduce the prevalence and development of cercosporosis. The biofungicide Sklobicide does not provide reliable protection, as it partially inhibits the infection by increasing the natural immunity of beets. It is advisable to use it for preventive regulation of the spread of diseases of the leaf apparatus, stimulation of immunity and physiological processes of the plant itself.
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