FORMATION OF COLLECTIONS OF ORNAMENTAL AND DECORATIVE AROMATIC PLANTS FOR USE IN GREEN CONSTRUCTION OF THE SOUTHERN REGION
Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of the work is to summarize many years of research into the biological characteristics and economically valuable characteristics of promising specimens from the collections of ornamental and ornamental aromatic plants of the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the NAAS.
Methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the Kherson region on the basis of the State Enterprise "Research Farm Novokakhovske" from 1995 to 2022, as well as from 2022 to 2024 in the Odessa region on the basis of the FOP "Martienko". The material for the research was scientific collections of ornamental and aromatic plants.
Results. The work highlights the results of many years of work on creating unique collections of ornamental and ornamental aromatic plants of the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the NAAS. The work began in 1995, when plantings of ornamental trees, shrubs, vines, as well as scientific research plots of essential oil and medicinal plants were established on the basis of the State Enterprise "Research Farm "Novokakhovske". For 29 years, the introduction of new ornamental plants with high decorative qualities was carried out, the prospects of these plants in the conditions of the Southern Steppe were assessed. The main source of species introduction was the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, as well as botanical gardens of Ukraine and abroad. From the collection of ornamental trees, promising tree species for landscaping were selected, such as Catalpa bignonioides Walter, Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr.) Bur., Quercus austriaca Willd.). An important place is occupied by evergreen and deciduous shrubs (Berberis julianae Schneid., Buddleia davidii Franch., Buddleia alternifolia Maxim., Deutzia scabra Thunb., Buxus sempervirens L.) and lianas (Clematis fargesii Franch., Wisteria sinensis (Sims.) Sweet., Lonicera giraldii Rehd., Hedera colchica C. Koch.). Forms more resistant to adverse conditions of the southern Steppe Laurocerasus officinalis and Albizzia julibrissin have been created. Technologies for their propagation and cultivation have been developed. Studying the main economically valuable features of essential oil plants, a selection of samples with increased decorative qualities was carried out. Promising species of the Lamiaceae family from the genera Thymus L., Lavandula L., Satureja L., Monarda L. have been noted. Based on the collection of aromatic plants, 16 varieties have been created, of which 12 are included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine. Work on studying the biological features and economically valuable characteristics of ornamental and ornamental aromatic plants with the aim of selecting samples and attracting them for use in green construction in the southern region has been continued in the Odessa region. Conclusions. Thus, as a result of the research work carried out at the Institute of Climate- Smart Agriculture of the NAAS, unique collections of ornamental and ornamental aromatic plants have been created. Introduced plants, selected promising specimens and created varieties that are resistant to adverse conditions of the southern Steppe are the basis for landscaping the southern region. The primary task of scientists is to expand and preserve collections that are valuable and unique.
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