FEATURES OF THE ESTABLISHMENT AND FORMATION OF FOREST SEED ORCHARDS
Abstract
Purpose. Forest seed orchards play a key role in providing forest enterprises with forest seeds. Most of them have been successfully created and are functioning today both in Ukraine and in other countries of the world. The main purpose of creating forest seed orchards is to obtain forest seeds of increased breeding value in sufficient quantities. In this regard, assessing their condition and seed productivity is one of the key tasks. The purpose of the manuscript is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the features of the creation, formation, current state, reproductive functions and use of forest seed orchards.
Methods. The manuscript was carried out on the basis of an analysis of literary sources and practical experience in the creation, care and use of forest seed orcards.
Results. Based on the results of the analysis of the establishment, cultivation and use of forest seed orchards, the historical aspects of their formation were assessed; various types of forest seed orchards and their significance for forest seed production were presented; aspects of creating forest seed orchards in various environmental conditions were assessed; an analysis of the success of growing forest seed orchards in various environmental conditions and different categories of land was conducted; an analysis of the success of care in between rows and behind the crowns was conducted in order to activate the seeding of orchards.
Findings. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that: most orchards are characterized by good condition, growth and development, a significant part of them are distinguished by high seed productivity; forest seed orchards of increased genetic level remain the only source of obtaining high-quality selectively improved forest seeds; the issues of increasing seed productivity and creating orchards of increased genetic level remain relevant.
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