FEATURES OF AGROPHARMACOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF CEREAL CROPS IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN UNION REQUIREMENTS
Keywords:
wheat, barley, herbicides, insecticides, seed treatments, fungicides, harmful objects
Abstract
The aim of the research is to conduct a comparative assessment of the active ingredients of agro-pharmacological preparations for various purposes in order to develop effective systems for protecting cereal crops from harmful organisms, taking into account EU requirements. Materials and research methods. The research was conducted by studying specialised information resources that describe the characteristics of active substances and plant protection products. Results. During the production process, agrocenoses of cereal crops are exposed to the negative impact of harmful organisms, which can significantly reduce their yield or cause complete plant death. The main representatives of harmful entomofauna are wireworms, turuns, aphids, bedbugs, thrips, sawflies, and cereal flies. Among the diseases, the main ones are smut diseases, root rot, snow mould, leaf septoria, rust species, pyrenophora, and fusarium head blight. Segetal vegetation consists of annual and perennial species that compete with cultivated plants for water, light and nutrients. In the context of Ukraine's transition to EU standards on the use of plant protection products, there is a problem of non-compliance of the active substances used with European requirements. Therefore, it is extremely important to adapt domestic technologies for the agropharmacological protection of cereal crop agrocenoses to EU requirements. It has been established that a significant number of chemical compounds that are permitted and widely used in Ukraine do not meet the requirements that will be imposed on exported grain in the future. This list includes active ingredients in preparations intended for both seed treatment and foliar application during the growing season of cereal crops. Particularly significant is the ban on active substances of the chemical class of neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin) and synthetic pyrethroids (alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, gamma-cyhalothrin). However, this is not a critical situation, as the vast majority of chemical compounds are permitted for use in the European Union. Conclusions. Despite the ban on a significant number of active substances in products to be exported outside Ukraine, it is entirely possible to design an effective system for protecting cereal crops from harmful organisms from among those substances that remain permitted for use, which will ensure high yields.
References
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14. Matiukha V.L., Hyrka T.V., Semenov S.S. (2023). Fitotsenotychna stiikist ahrotsenoziv pshenytsi ozymoi do buri̕ aniv v umovakh pivnichnoho Stepu Ukrainy. [Phytocenotic resistance of winter wheat agrocenoses to weeds in the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk. № 131. S. 148-156.DOI https://doi.org/10.32782/2226-0099.2023.131.18 [in Ukrainian].
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19. Chornomorets V.S. (2020). Zalezhnist yakosti ta vrozhainosti pshenytsi ozymoi vid peredposivnoho protruiuvannia nasinnia. [Dependence of winter wheat quality and yield on pre-sowing seed treatment]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk. № 112. S. 161-165. DOI https://doi.org/10.32851/2226-0099.2020.112.23 [in Ukrainian].
20. Shevchuk O.V., Kyslykh T.M., Holosna L.M., Afanasieva O.H. (2020) Hryby rodu Tilletia na zerni pshenytsi ozymoi. Mushrooms of the genus Tilletia on winter wheat grains. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn. № 10-12 (263). S. 3-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2020.10-12.3-7 [in Ukrainian].
21. Shkatula Yu.M., Rats A.O. (2024) Otsinka vplyvu khimichnykh zakhodiv na zaburianenist i urozhainist pshenytsi ozymoi. [Assessment of the impact of chemical measures on weediness and yield of winter wheat]. Ukrainskyi zhurnal pryrodnychykh nauk. № 10. S. 197-205. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32782/naturaljournal. 10.2024.18 [in Ukrainian].
22. Yakovenko O.M., Cherchenko M.I. (2024). Efektyvnist zastosuvannia insektytsydiv u zakhysti pshenytsi ozymoi vid shkidnykiv [The effectiveness of insecticide use in protecting winter wheat from pests]. "Ahrobiolohiia". № 1. S. 285–293. https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2024-187-1-285-29 [in Ukrainian].
23. Yatsukh K.I., Vashchyshyn O.A., Prystatska O.N., Tymchuk I.S.I.S. (2021). Efektyvnist protruinykiv proty korenevykh hnylei pshenytsi ozymoi. [Effectiveness of fungicides against root rot of winter wheat. Foothill and mountain agriculture and animal husbandry]. Vyp.70 (1). S. 166-182. https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2021-(70)-1-12 [in Ukrainian].
24. Yatsukh K., Prystatska O., Nikishycheva K., Tymchuk I. (2023). Vplyv kompleksnoho zastosuvannia protruinykiv, stymuliatoriv rostu ta mikrodobryv dlia peredposivnoi obrobky nasinnia na urazhenist korenevymy hnyliamy ta produktyvnist pshenytsi ozymoi. [The effect of complex use of pesticides, growth stimulants and microfertilizers for pre-sowing seed treatment on root rot infestation and productivity of winter wheat]. Peredhirne ta hirske zemlerobstvo i tvarynnytstvo. Vyp 74(1), 164-183. https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2023-(74)-1-11 [in Ukrainian].
25. Agronomio. Baza znan dlia ahrariiv. [Agronomio. Knowledge base for farmers].URL: https://agronomio. com [in Ukrainian].
26. Chen X. (2020) Pathogens which threaten food security: Puccinia striiformis, the wheat stripe rust pathogen. Food Sec. 12. 239–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12571-020-01016-z,
27. FAO. (2021). Pests of economic importance in Ukraine. Integrated pest management manual. Budapest. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb3909en.
28. FAO. (2020). Climate change: Unpacking the burden on food safety. Food safety and quality series. Rome. Italy. 154 р. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8185en
29. From Farm to Fork (F2F) URL: https://www.undp.org/ sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/2022-08/3%20Tree%20 From%20Farm%20to%20Fork%20Strategy%203%20 final_297x210mm_4%2B4_web_180822.pdf.
30. Gilchrist L., Dubin H.J. Septoria diseases of wheat. URL: https://www.fao.org/4/y4011e/y4011e0i.htm.
31. Hudec K, Muchová D. (2010). Influence of temperature and species origin on Fusarium spp. and Microdochium nivale pathogenicity to wheat seedlings. Plant Protect. Sci. 46(2):59-65. doi: 10.17221/12/2009-PPS.
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Published
2026-05-30
Section
MELIORATION, ARABLE FARMING, HORTICULTURE
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