MORPHOBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TULIPA L. GROWTH IN OPEN SOIL CONDITIONS
Abstract
As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the studied Dutch varieties of garden tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.) Auxerre, Foxy Foxtrot and Toendra are characterized by clearly expressed varietal differences in growth rates, timing of phenological phases, morphological indicators and level of decorative value in open ground conditions. The obtained data confirm the feasibility of a comprehensive approach to assessing varieties, which combines phenological, morphometric and decorative characteristics. It was found that the Auxerre variety is the most early maturing and adapted to early spring conditions, which is manifested in the earliest renewal of vegetation, faster transition to the budding and flowering phases, as well as in an extended period of decorativeness. It was found that due to the optimal combination of plant height, significant flower length and long flowering phase, this variety received the highest overall decorativeness rating (9.6 points) and can be recommended for widespread use in landscaping, floristry and for forcing. The Foxy Foxtrot variety occupies an intermediate position in terms of development time and decorative indicators. It was recorded that moderate growth rates, stable morphological characteristics and sufficiently long flowering provide high decorative appeal (9.1 points), which allows it to be effectively used both in group plantings and in cutting. The Toendra variety is characterized by later terms of phenological phases, greater plant height, but shorter flower length and a shortened flowering period, which resulted in a slightly lower level of overall decorativeness (8.8 points). At the same time, the later flowering of this variety is a valuable feature for extending the overall decorativeness period of plantings under the condition of joint cultivation of varieties with different flowering times. In general, the results of the research indicate that the combination of the varieties Auxerre, Foxy Foxtrot and Toendra in landscaping allows to ensure the continuity of spring flowering and increase the aesthetic expressiveness of flower arrangements. The obtained conclusions have practical significance for the scientifically based selection of tulip assortment, optimization of agrotechnical measures and increasing the efficiency of their use in ornamental gardening, floristry and related industries.
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