SEAWEEDS AS FACTORS IN FORMING SOYBEAN YIELD UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The article evaluates the effect of foliar application of seaweed extract Ascophyllum nodosum on soybean yield in the soil and climatic conditions of Western Polissya, Ukraine. Soybeans respond well to foliar application of seaweed extract. They are a product of modern technologies for growing this crop, which allow maintaining stable high yields and ensuring food security. Seaweeds (especially Ascophyllum nodosum) are powerful biostimulants that increase yield and stress resistance. They contain cytokinins (stimulate cell division and support aging), auxins (root system development), betaines (anti-stress), amino acids (fast nutrition), trace elements (Zn, Mn, B and others), polysaccharides (alginates – soil improvement). The main effects that these algae have on soybeans are as follows: better root start and development (activate the root system, improve symbiosis with nodule bacteria – greater nitrogen fixation), improved flowering and setting (reduce flower drop, increase the number of beans, especially important use in the budding-flowering phase), key anti-stress effect (drought, temperature changes, herbicide stress) – work as a “biological buffer”,increased yield (more beans per plant, better grain filling, higher thousand- seed weight), improved element assimilation (better use of nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements). Studies have shown that the use of the drug EnerGreen Premium OCEAN contributes to an increase in soybean yield, as well as an increase in the protein content in the grain. The greatest increase in yield was observed when the drug was applied at a rate of 2.0 l/ha, where the yield was 3.37 t/ha, which is 31.6% more than the control. The protein content in soybean grain also increased from 37.0% to 38.0%. The most effective and economically beneficial was the range of EnerGreen Premium OCEAN application rates from 0.5 l/ha to 1.0 l/ha. The results of the studies confirmed that the use of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract has a positive effect on the yield and quality of soybean grain.
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