AGROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF GROWING PINK- FRUITED TOMATO HYBRIDS IN THE SPRING–AUTUMN CROP ROTATION IN UNHEATED GLASS GREENHOUSES THE ARTICLE PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF COMPREHENSIVE
Abstract
The article presents the results of comprehensive research aimed at the agrobiological assessment and evaluation of the economic efficiency of growing indeterminate pink-fruited tomato hybrids in a spring–autumn crop rotation under unheated glass greenhouse conditions. The relevance of the study is driven by current challenges in protected vegetable production, including rising energy costs, the technical deterioration of greenhouse facilities, and the need to implement energy-saving cultivation technologies. The objective of the study was to conduct a comparative agrobiological assessment of pink-fruited tomato hybrids and to substantiate the feasibility of their cultivation in a spring–autumn cycle in unheated glass greenhouses. The experiments were carried out in 2022–2023 using low-volume hydroponic technology on a mineral wool substrate under commercial production conditions. The study involved indeterminate hybrids Mei Shuai F₁ (control), Manusa F₁, Zukhraza F₁, and Esmira F₁. The results demonstrated that all hybrids exhibited a sufficient level of adaptability to unheated greenhouse conditions, as evidenced by the stable progression of key phenological stages. Significant differences were identified in biometric parameters, growth intensity, and the formation of generative organs. The highest yield was obtained from the Manusa F₁ hybrid (20.3 kg/m²), exceeding the control by 12.8%. High productivity was also recorded for the Zukhraza F₁ hybrid (19.2 kg/m²), while the lowest yield was observed in the Esmira F₁ hybrid (16.8 kg/m²). All hybrids ensured a high level of marketable yield, varying by genotype, with the highest value observed in Zukhraza F₁ (93.1%). Economic analysis showed that the highest profitability, net income, and profitability level (46.2%) were achieved with the Manusa F₁ hybrid, due to the optimal combination of high yield and a large share of marketable produce. Slightly lower but consistently high economic performance was observed for the Zukhraza F₁ hybrid. The study confirms the feasibility of using the spring– autumn crop rotation as an energy-efficient component of tomato cultivation technology in unheated glass greenhouses. The Manusa F₁ and Zukhraza F₁ hybrids are identified as the most promising for commercial production due to their high biological potential and economic efficiency.
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