The phytosanitary role of seed dressings in controlling spring barley mycoses in Forest-Steppe agrocenoses
Abstract
Spring barley is an important grain crop for food, feed, and brewing purposes, the productivity of which largely depends on the phytosanitary condition of crops, in particular, fungal diseases. In the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, mycoses caused by leaf spot pathogens (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Pyrenophora teres, Cochliobolus sativus) form a dominant pathogenic complex and significantly limit the crop’s yield potential already in the early stages of organogenesis. In this context, pre-sowing seed treatment is considered a basic element of integrated plant protection systems. The aim of the research was to determine the phytosanitary role of modern seed dressings in the control of mycoses, the formation of sowing qualities, productivity, and economic efficiency of spring barley cultivation in the agrocenoses of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Field studies were conducted in 2023–2025 on typical chernozems under production conditions in the Berdychiv district of the Zhytomyr region on the Sebastian variety. The effectiveness of the fungicides Antal, TN; Vaxa, KS; Greenfort KT 170, TN; Kinto Duo, KS was studied. The research showed that pre-sowing seed treatment significantly reduces the development of fungal diseases, improves sowing qualities, and improves the structure of the crop. The highest biological and technical effectiveness against a complex of spots (66.28–72.88 %) was provided by the Kinto Duo, KS (2.0 l/t) preparation. Its use contributed to an increase in laboratory and field germination, improved ear productivity parameters, and the formation of a maximum yield of 4.27 t/ha, which was 44.7 % higher than the control. Economic analysis confirmed the feasibility of using this seed treatment: net profit was 23,936.31 UAH/ha, and the profitability level was 173.68 %. The results obtained indicate that the use of seed disinfectants, in particular Kinto Duo, KS, is an effective and economically justified measure in integrated plant protection systems, which ensures stable formation of spring barley yield in the soil and climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.
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