Varietal resources of millet in Ukraine
Abstract
Goal. To analyze the suitability of millet varieties for growing according to a complex of economic and valuable indicators. Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the development of the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine for 2024 and the OfficialDescriptions of Plant Varieties and Indicators of Economic Suitability presented in the Bulletins «Protection of Rights to Plant Varieties» posted in the «Variety» Information and Reference System. The results. The highest seed yield is provided by millet varieties: Peremozhne – 42.1 t/ha, Kesha – 36.0 t/ha, Divovyzhne – 35.5 t/ha, Zolotiste – 35.0 t/ha. The most resistant varieties to seed shedding were Zhivinka – 9.0 points, Veselka – 8.6 points, Nezalezhne – 8.3 points. The most resistant to plant lodging were the varieties Uzbolke, Veselka – 9.0 points each, Chabanivske, Nezalezhne, Sonechko Slobidske – 8.5 points each, Zapovitne, Polto, Skado – 8.4 points each. The most drought-resistant varieties of millet are Peremozhne, Alternative, Veselka, Zhivinka, Kesha, Special – 9.0 points each, Juvileyne – 8.8 points, Polto – 8.5 points. The most disease-resistant varieties are Skado, Alternative, Fairy Spring, Chabanivske, Miravyzhne, Veselka, Zapovitne, Zhivinka, Uzbolke and Kornberger Mittelfrue – 9.0 points each. The highest protein content was in the varieties Yuvileyne, Vitrylo – 14.8% each, Yardush – 13.7%, Novokiivske – 13.6%, Zhivinka – 13.5%. The highest grain yield was characteristic of the varieties Novokiivske 01 – 83.2%, Kornberger Mittelfrue – 81.0%, Veselka – 80.9%, Zolotiste – 79.9%. The smallest seed filminess was found in the varieties Novokiivske 01 – 12.9%, Kornberger Mittelfrue – 14.7%, Veselka – 14.9%. Conclusions. Recommended varieties of millet, characterized by the highest seed yield, resistance to drought, diseases, pests, shedding of seeds and lodging of plants. Varieties with the best indicators of crop quality are also identified: the highest protein content, grain yield and the lowest filminess.
